Abstract
Cytostatic factor (CSF) was described almost 30 years ago as the activity in vertebrate eggs that restrains the cell cycle in metaphase of meiosis II. Fertilization provides the liberating Ca2+ burst that signals for the arrest to be broken, meiosis to be completed and the mitotic divisions to commence. Within the past decade, Mos, its target MEK 1 and the MEK substrate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) have been shown to be essential components of CSF. Recently, two labs 1 Bhatt R.R. Ferrell J.E. The protein kinase p90 Rsk as an essential mediator of cytostatic factor activity. Science. 1999; 286: 1362-1365 Crossref PubMed Scopus (149) Google Scholar , 2 Gross S.D. et al. Induction of metaphase arrest in cleaving Xenopus embryos by the protein kinase p90rsk. Science. 1990; 286: 1365-1367 Crossref Scopus (140) Google Scholar have identified members of the p90rsk family of S6 kinases (Rsk-1 and Rsk-2) as MAPK targets that are necessary and sufficient for CSF activity.
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