Abstract
We developed an International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61850-based centralized protection scheme to prevent single line-to-ground (SLG) faults in the feeders and busbars of ungrounded distribution systems. Each feeder intelligent electronic device (IED) measures its zero-sequence current and voltage signals and periodically transmits zero-sequence phasors to a central IED via a Generic Oriented Object Substation Event message. Using the zero-sequence phasors, the central IED detects SLG faults in feeders and busbars. To achieve centralized protection, angle differences between the zero-sequence currents and voltage phasors are exploited, and their calculation compensates for data desynchronization. The feeder IEDs were implemented using the MMS-EASE Lite library, while the transmitted zero-sequence phasors were calculated based on fault signals simulated by Power System Computer Aided Design / Electro-Magnetic Transient Design and Control (PSCAD/EMTDC). The central IED determined if the SLG fault was in a feeder or busbar by aggregating and analyzing the zero-sequence phasors received from the feeder IEDs. The results confirmed the validity and efficiency of our centralized protection scheme.
Highlights
Ungrounded distribution systems rely on the natural capacitance between the lines and the ground
If an single line-to-ground (SLG) fault develops in a feeder, the central intelligent electronic device (IED) operates only when the following conditions are all satisfied for the mth feeder: conditions are all satisfied for the mth feeder:
If the operating conditions given in Equation (5) are satisfied for the mth feeder, the central IED determines that an SLG fault develops in the mth feeder and sends Generic Oriented Object Substation Event (GOOSE) messages to trip the circuit breaker of the mth feeder
Summary
Ungrounded distribution systems rely on the natural capacitance between the lines and the ground. The electrical devices of power systems have evolved from electromechanical relays to intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) that communicate with each other This communication has rarely been exploited in protection schemes because reliable and fast operation is required when a fault occurs. IEC 61850 uses retransmission mechanisms for GOOSE messages This mechanism improves the reliability of IEC 61850-based protection schemes by checking the status of IEDs and their communications continuously. In reference 18, the fault detection times of protective IEDs were improved in various substations based on IEC 61850. We developed a centralized protection scheme based on IEC 61850 to protect SLG faults in ungrounded distribution systems.
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