Idiopatická (raná) a sekundární (pozdní) ankylóza zubu v klinické praxi a experimentu

Abstract

Permanent tooth ankylosis is a multifactorial condition. Its origin on the molecular level is still rather unclear, and due to difficult diagnosis, the prevalence in the population is not known. Ankylosis may be classified into idiopathic (early), where the cause is not definitely known, and secondary (late) resulting either from trauma or inflammation around the tooth root. In general, the diagnosis is based on the patient’s history and clinical picture characterized by the loss of the ankylosed tooth mobility accompanied by a distinct sound on percussion. Radiologically, computed tomography (CT) can be used; it is, however, often substituted by Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) in order to avoid high radiation load. Extraction of the ankylosed tooth is the most common solution. Other methods include tooth subluxation (potentially with corticotomy) or alveolar distraction with orthodontic treatment. Though more and more advanced imaging methods are used, the early detection of tooth ankylosis is still a challenge and must be considered by dentists and orthodontists when planning therapy.