Abstract
BackgroundIdiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare benign chronic inflammatory condition of the breast and is most commonly seen in women of childbearing age. The etiology is uncertain, and an autoimmune association has been suggested with the diagnosis usually made by exclusion. The clinical and radiological features often mimic that of breast cancer and hence confirmed early diagnosis is required to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary delay in the treatment.ResultsThe most common clinical presentation of granulomatous mastitis is unilateral palpable breast lump with or without associated pain. The typical ultrasound finding is an ill-defined, irregular heterogeneous, predominantly hypoechoic lesion with multiple tentacles. Histologic features show a well-defined non-necrotizing epitheloid granulomas along with Langhans type giant cells.ConclusionImaging features mimic that of breast cancer, and final diagnosis of granulomatous mastitis always requires specific pathologic findings while excluding other causes.
Highlights
Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare benign chronic inflammatory condition of the breast and is most commonly seen in women of childbearing age
The histochemical stains, Zeihl Neelson stain for acid fast bacilli (AFB), Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) stain, and Gomorri Methenamine Silver (GMS) stain for fungus were reviewed in all cases which were already done at the time of sample analysis
A total of 35 cases were diagnosed with idiopathic granulomatous mastitis
Summary
Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare benign chronic inflammatory condition of the breast and is most commonly seen in women of childbearing age. Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare benign chronic inflammatory condition of the breast, first described by Kessler and Wolloch in 1972 [1], and is most commonly seen in women of childbearing age [1]. It is frequently associated with lactation or hyperprolactinemia, and an increased incidence in non-white women has been proposed [2, 3].
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