Abstract
Low urinary volume, coupled with hypercalciuria, hyperuricosuria, and high urinary sodium, increases the risk of calcium oxalate lithiasis. Complex interrelationships exist between dietary factors that influence urinary solute excretion. A standard yet individualized nutrition protocol has been developed for treatment of kidney stones that includes normalization of protein and calcium intake, avoidance of oxalate and purine excess, moderation of sodium intake, and generous fluid intake to attain and maintain a urine volume more than 2 L/d. A dietary approach appears safe and logical in decreasing urinary risk factors, but it has not been proven effective in the prevention of recurrent idiopathic calcium lithiasis.
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