IDF21-0689 Prevalence of microvascular complications in type 2 diabetic patients with dyslipidemia

Abstract

Background: The role of chronic hyperglycemia in the pathogenesis of vascular complications of diabetes mellitus has so far been well elucidated. However, there are other factors and comorbidities that may contribute in the development of mircovascular dysfunction and metabolic disorders. Aim: The purpose of our work is to study the correlation between dyslipidemia and microvascular disease in type 2 diabetic patients. Method: Our study is retrospective descriptive, involving 398 type 2 diabetic patients followed in our center from 2014 to 2021. Dyslipidemia was identified in 177 patients. Microvascular disease was studied in both groups: the 1st group (G1) with dyslipidemia (n = 177) and the 2nd group (G2) with a normal lipid profile (n = 221). Results: The mean age of our patients was 63±5.6 years with a sex ratio F/H of 2.2. Dyslipidemia was found in 44.5% of cases. Diabetic retinopathy was found in 29,5% of patients with dyslipidemia and 24% of patients with a normal lipid profile. The difference was statistically significant (p=0.03). Diabetic nephropathy and neuropathy were also more frequently observed in the first group in respectively 21% and 13% of the cases and the difference was statistically significant between the two groups (p=0.01, p=0.02). However, no difference was found between the two groups regarding age, sex and duration of diabetes. Diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy were found respectively in 16.6% and 20,8% of cases with hypercholesterolemia, 28,4% and 25% with hypertriglyceridemia, and in 34% and 33% of mixed dyslipidemia. However, diabetic neuropathy was seen only in 8% of patients with hypercholesterolemia, 14,7% of hypertriglyceridemia and 7% of mixed dyslipidemia. Discussion: Microvascular disease was strongly associated with lipid metabolism impairment in type 2 diabetic patients. Early diagnosis and optimal management of the different comorbidities may limit the incidence of these complications and avoid the consequences (blindness, end-stade renal failure, diabetic foot problems…).