Ideologie en Interaktie-Analyse

Abstract

In a functional theory it is always important to state within what framework something is said to be functioning. In this paper interaction-analysis is approached from a functional point of view, and thus the above statement is applicable. A sketch is given of the possible frameworks (levels) within which inter-action can be shown to be functioning. They are respectively, from the deepest to the most superficial level: the ideological level, the level of the speech-event, split into the two subleveis of organisation and content, and the level of the actual utterances and turns at these. The deeper levels pervade the more superficial levels, so that interactional elements can be shown to function within all these levels at the same time. E.g. in the conditions on speech-acts (which are functions of utte-rances) we find various notions pertaining to the ideology of the concerning community, especially those which point to the rights and obligations of the speakers and hearers, dependent on their (possible) roles, status etc. Examples are given of interaction in which norms and values play a signi-ficant role, norms regarding what is and what is not a speech-event, what is and what is not appropriate behaviour during dinner, what is a fitting subject to discuss in a waiting-room and what is not, etc. Throughout the suggestion is made that a proper analysis of discourse can only be given if all functional levels are paid attention to. At the same time it is maintained that a proper analysis of society cannot be achieved without the analysis of actual human interaction.