Ideo-Religious Relations in Islamic Civilization: Theological Controversy Between Suhrawardi Al-Maqtul and the Fuqaha

Abstract

This study examines the theological controversy between Suhrawardi Al-Maqtul and the fuqaha and the ideo-religious relation in Islamic civilization. Sources of data are secondary data derived from books on Muslim scholars and literature studies related to Suhrawardi's thoughts and controversies. The research method used is a literature study with a philosophical and theological approach by analyzing the fundamental nature of existence and the accompanying reality to give birth to an understanding and thought about Islamic ideo-religiosity from the theological perspective of Islam and its controversies. The results of the study revealed that Suhrawardi sparked controversy with the fuqaha because the ideo-religiousness of the basic concept of God was different from the religious ideas of the fuqaha who at that time were in political and military conflict. One of his works is considered to deviate from the standard division of nine parts of logic - he mentions three parts, namely semantics, formal logic, and material logic. Therefore, although his thoughts have contributed to the treasures of Islam, on the other hand, they have been understood separately by the fuqaha. The implication of this research is that Muslim scholars and observers of Islamic treasures should save the works of thought of Islamic figures like him and examine their positive values for Islamic civilization.