Abstract
In order to understand the detailed relationship between liquid water presence and polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) performance, diagnostic tools which offer an accurate measure of liquid water in the fuel cell during operation are required. This work presents electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and synchrotron X-ray radiography for studying this liquid water/performance relationship. X-ray radiography was applied in the through-plane direction of the cell, and by using the Beer-Lambert law, liquid water was quantified in the anode and cathode flow channels, gas diffusion layers (GDLs), microporous layers (MPLs), and membrane electrode assembly (MEA). EIS was used as a non-invasive diagnostic tool in quantifying the equivalent resistances of the fuel cell. This paper presents studies of water thickness in various layers of the fuel cell during EIS measurements and demonstrates the role of the water thickness of each layer in the overall mass transport resistance of the fuel cell. The fuel cells analyzed have two varying MPL thicknesses at increasing constant current densities. Nyquist plots will be discussed with relation to amount of liquid water visualized.
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