Abstract
Objective: Studies on the effectiveness of health-promoting programs across educational contexts need a new tool for measuring health motivation. This study aims to develop a new health motivation questionnaire, namely the College Students’ Health Motivation Questionnaire (CSHM-Q), for college students.Design: An original item pool of the CSHM-Q was developed based on a systematic synthesis and review of related instruments and the content analysis of focus group interviews (N = 93). The instrument was then validated using a sample of 205 college students.Setting: Interviews and survey were conducted at three universities in China.Methods: This study explores the content validity, construct validity, and reliability of a self-report motivation instrument based on the framework of Self-Determination Theory.Results: A pilot study showed satisfactory content validity of the motivation constructs and produced 40 items for the CSHM-Q. Results of exploratory factor analysis and parallel analysis further substantiated a three-factor structure of the CSHM-Q. The finalized three-component CSHM-Q has 16 items.Conclusion: Given adequate psychometric properties, the CSHM-Q is a promising measurement tool of health motivation for practical and research purposes.
Highlights
Lifestyle has a profound impact on people’s health (World Health Organization, 2002)
We considered the basic principles of the Self-Determination Theory (SDT)
This study is exploratory in nature and aims to develop a new health motivation questionnaire, the College Students’ Health Motivation Questionnaire (CSHM-Q), for college students and establish its psychometric properties based on the SDT framework
Summary
Lifestyle has a profound impact on people’s health (World Health Organization, 2002). Lifestyle plays a vital role in the prevention of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as stroke, obesity, and type II diabetes (World Health Organization, 2006). Living in a healthy way at the early stage of life could dramatically reduce the incidence of type II diabetes (Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group, 2002). Emerging adulthood is a critical life stage for people to develop and maintain a healthy lifestyle throughout life. During this period, individuals gradually form stable habits and lifestyles, which have profound health benefits or threats for their later life (Arnett, 2000). In China and around the world, many emerging adults, typically college students, practice unhealthy lifestyles such as smoking, drinking, sleep deprivation, and sedentary lifestyles
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