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Abstract
The article addresses the issue related to the disposal of dust from steel industry as a reinforcing filler for epoxy composites. The polymer composition of welding that has been developed and studied includes epoxy dian oligomer, amine hardener and the filler – finely dispersed waste of metals. Polyethylene polyamine was used as a hardener in order to improve heat resistance and strength characteristics. Manganese triacetate was used in order to decrease the temperature and reduce the time of curing. The possibility was established to dispose of finely dispersed metal-containing waste from metallurgical production to be used a filler for epoxy composites of cold curing. It was revealed that the optimal content of dusts from foundries in the composite is at the level of 45–60 %. At this content, there is the highest impact resistance at the level of 40–50 MPa and a softening temperature in the range of 170–190 °С. It was established that at an increase in the amount of a filler from 40 % to 70 %, the cross-linking degree increases by 88 % to 98 %, respectively. However, at the content of the filler less than 45 % or exceeding 60 %, the impact resistance of the resulting composites decreases. At the content of a filler in the composite less than 45 %, the cause of low values of impact resistance and softening temperature could be the low cross-linking degree, less than 90 %. A decrease in these properties of composites at the content of the filler exceeding 60 % could be associated with the formation of a heterogeneous structure of filler. In the compositions with the highest performance characteristics, there is an optimized content of the filler and catalyst. Using a hardener and a curing catalyst in quantities of 3–3.5 and 1.5–2 %, respectively, makes it possible to shorten curing time by up to 2 hours. In general, the resulting epoxy composites are superior in their performance to known cold-curing analogs. The dependences of impact resistance, softening temperature, and cross-linking degree on the content of waste in the composite were derived, which make it possible to calculate the optimal formulation for composites depending on the required properties
Highlights
Epoxy oligomers are the most important engineering thermo-reactive materials with wide industrial applications in adhesive, electronic, aerospace, and other systems
High chemical resistance to the effects of aggressive environments and increased durability cause the widespread use of epoxy composite materials
The operation of the technological equipment under aggressive conditions leads to an increase in the operational requirements to epoxy composite materi
Summary
Epoxy oligomers are the most important engineering thermo-reactive materials with wide industrial applications in adhesive, electronic, aerospace, and other systems. Among the techniques to improve the physical and mechanical properties of epoxy composite materials is to introduce the dispersed fillers, which are different in chemical nature, to the matrix. The functionality of epoxy composites makes it possible to significantly expand their applications when filling with metals of different structures and characteristics, as well as to create new methods for regulating their structure and properties. According to [1], at steel smelting, up to 20 % of the waste is finely dispersed dust and gas treatment sludge. The accumulation of such waste leads to an increase in the environmental risk of the areas surrounding steel works. The issues of the disposal of such waste and using it as valuable raw materials are of scientific interest
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