Abstract
From both a practical and economic point of view, road transport meets almost all the requirements of modern life, but it is also a source of numerous negative effects, including traffic accidents. In order to design a safe transport system and achieve the ‘zero vision’ goal – no serious injuries or fatalities in traffic accidents – there is a growing need for a systematic approach to this problem. Prior to the assessment of any accident prevention measure it is necessary to identify the most important factors and significant patterns which affect the severity of accidents and injuries. In this study, the crash data from Slovenia pertaining to the period 2005–2009 were analysed with a Classification and Regression Tree (CART) algorithm, one of the most widely applied data mining technique when analysing a large amount of data with several independent quantitative or qualitative variables. Before building a non-parametric classification tree, the data were split into three totally separate subsets, the training set, the testing set, and the evaluation set. Moreover, using the Variable Importance Measure (VIM) the factor of influence of nine independent variables on the target variables were calculated. The results confirm that traffic accidents and injuries on Slovenian roads are caused by a combination of factors, the most important of them being human error, or more precisely, speeding and driving in the wrong lane.
Highlights
Mobility is an important component of the socio-economic development of individuals and society
Road transport is the source of many negative effects, such as environmental pollution, traffic jams and, most significant, traffic accidents
The process begins with a training set and the building of an entire classification tree that correctly classified every single record
Summary
Mobility is an important component of the socio-economic development of individuals and society. Ease of movement is essential for the transport of goods and people. From a practical and economic point of view roads allow almost all the requirements of modern life. Road transport is the source of many negative effects, such as environmental pollution, traffic jams and, most significant, traffic accidents. These have direct or indirect impact on the economy through losses of time, money and, human costs. The analysis of the existing situation and the defining of the problem are the primary steps in forming road safety strategy (Vujanić et al 2013)
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