Abstract
We present numerical investigations of the strong-field attosecond photoelectron holography by analyzing the holographic interference structures in the two-dimensional photoelectron momentum distribution (PMD) in hydrogen atom target induced by a strong infrared laser pulse. The PMDs are calculated by solving the full-dimensional time-dependent Schrödinger equation. The effect of the number of optical cycles on the PMD is considered and analyzed. We show how the complex interference patterns are formed from a single-cycle pulse to multi-cycle pulses. Furthermore, snapshots of the PMD during the time evolution are presented for a single-cycle pulse in order to track the formation of the so-called fish-bone like holographic structure. The spider- and fan-like holographic structures are also identified and investigated. We found that the fan-like structure could only be identified clearly for pulses with three or more optical cycles and its symmetry depends closely on the number of optical cycles. In addition, we found that the intensity and wavelength of the laser pulse affect the density of interference fringes in the holographic patterns. We show that the longer the wavelength, the more the holographic structures are confined to the polarization axis.
Highlights
We present numerical investigations of the strong-field attosecond photoelectron holography by analyzing the holographic interference structures in the two-dimensional photoelectron momentum distribution (PMD) in hydrogen atom target induced by a strong infrared laser pulse
The aim of this work is to present a quantum mechanical treatment of the electron dynamics by solving the full-dimensional time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE) in order to explore the electron scattering processes encoded in the PMDs which are of utmost interest for the deep understanding of the strong-field attosecond photoelectron holography (SFAPH) imaging technique
In order to understand how the holographic patterns are formed in strong-field tunnel ionization, we have considered the atomic hydrogen interacting with an ultrashort laser pulse
Summary
We present numerical investigations of the strong-field attosecond photoelectron holography by analyzing the holographic interference structures in the two-dimensional photoelectron momentum distribution (PMD) in hydrogen atom target induced by a strong infrared laser pulse. A portion of the ionized electron wave packet may return and scatter on the parent ion during the same optical cycle of the driving laser pulse leading to a such non-linear phenomena. These electrons represent a powerful tool for probing dynamic changes in molecular systems using laser-induced electron diffraction (LIED)[14,15,16,17]. The direct ionized electron wave packets emitted in different optical cycles can interfere between each other in time-domain and lead to the inter-cycle interference which explain the formation of the above threshold ionization (ATI) rings in strong-field ionization. This can be explained as a time double-slit experiment in case of few-cycle pulses and time-grating experiment in case of multi-cycle p ulses[24,25,26]
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