Abstract
Background: There is a variability in the reported rate of post-prostate biopsy voiding inefficiency. The burden and potential predictors of this morbidity is not well studied in African patients. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence as well as the clinical and histological factors affecting voiding function in patients undergoing trans-rectal prostate biopsy in an African population.
 Subjects, materials and methods: An observational cohort study was carried out in 68 adult males, 40 years and above, scheduled for trans-rectal prostate biopsy for suspected prostate cancer. Those who could not void spontaneously, had either neurological conditions or were on drugs that could affect voiding, were excluded from the research. Data on demographic characteristics of the patients were collected. Uroflowmetry was done to obtain the peak urine flow rate of the patients at baseline and seven days after the procedure. The prostate volume was determined and the presence of other potential clinical and histological risk factors were recorded. The presence of other bleeding-related biopsy complications was also recorded. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS with a p-value of less than 0.05 reported as significant.
 Results: Voiding inefficiency was recorded in 28 (41.2%) of the patients with majority, 21 (75.0%), experiencing a five to nine-point decrease in their seventh day peak flow rate values. Post-biopsy haematuria occurred in 37 (54.4%) of the population. The presence of haematuria with blood clots was associated with a 10.9 times increased risk of voiding inefficiency after the procedure (p = 0.006).
 Conclusion: About two in five patients developed post-prostate biopsy voiding inefficiency. Blood clot presence was independently. associated with the occurrence of this morbidity.
 Authors
 M A Tolani 1, B K Hamza 2, M Awaisu 1, A O Afolayan 3, A T Lawal 1, A Bello 1
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