Identifying risk effectors involved in neonatal hypoglycemia occurrence.

Tian Zhao,Man Zhou,Yin Xu,Li Kuang,Qiying Liu,Wei Dai,Yaqiong Ming,Guiyu Sun

doi:10.1042/bsr20192589

Tian Zhao, Man Zhou + Show 6 more

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https://doi.org/10.1042/bsr20192589

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Journal: Bioscience reports	Publication Date: Mar 13, 2020
Citations: 8	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital

Abstract

Hypoglycemia is a common metabolic condition in neonatal period, but severe and persistent hypoglycemia can cause neurological damage and brain injury. The aim of the present study was to analyze the risk factors of neonatal hypoglycemia in clinic. A total of 135 neonatal hypoglycemia infants and 135 healthy infants were included in the present study. The differences in birth weight between neonatal hypoglycemia group and healthy control group were analyzed via t test. The associations between neonatal blood sugar level and relevant characteristic factors were explored using χ2 test. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze risk factors related to the incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia. The results showed that the average birth weight was matched in neonatal hypoglycemia group and healthy control group. Neonatal blood sugar level of the infants was significantly associated with born term, birth weight, feed, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and hypothermia (all P<0.05). Besides, logistic regression analysis showed that babies’ born term (odds ratio (OR) = 2.715, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.311–5.625), birth weight (OR = 1.910, 95% CI: 1.234–2.955), improper feeding (OR = 3.165, 95% CI: 1.295–7.736) and mother’s GDM (OR = 2.184, 95% CI: 1.153–4.134) were high risk factors for neonatal hypoglycemia. The incidence of hypoglycemia in infants was significantly associated with various clinical factors. And monitoring these risk factors is one of important measures to reduce long-term neurological damage caused by neonatal hypoglycemia.

Highlights

Hypoglycemia is a common and life-threatening complication of several diseases, such as severe malaria, bacterial sepsis, severe malnutrition and neonatal illness [1,2]
Blood tests are necessary for approximately 30% of newborns for screening neonatal hypoglycemia, and half of them will develop hypoglycemia [20]
Clinical guidelines have offered some recommendations announcing that prophylactic measures should be taken for babies at risk of neonatal hypoglycemia, no effective measure for the prevention has been developed beyond early feeding

Summary

Introduction

Hypoglycemia is a common and life-threatening complication of several diseases, such as severe malaria, bacterial sepsis, severe malnutrition and neonatal illness [1,2]. As a common metabolic condition in neonatal period, hypoglycemia reflects the process of physiological glucose metabolism and is transient in most cases [3]. The majority of neonatal hypoglycemia symptoms are hidden, and refractory hypoglycemia can lead to more severe neurological damage, and even sudden death [4,5,6]. Hypoglycemia usually occurs within 1–2 days after birth, especially in 6–12 h, with most of the cases being asymptomatic. The incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia has shown an increasing trend along with the increase in birth rate and advanced technique for hypoglycemia detection. Severe and prolonged hypoglycemia can result in metal retardation, neurological deficits and recurrent seizures. Hypoglycemia remains a killer among children due to the lack of understanding on this problem

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