Identifying Predictors of Undertriage in Injured Older Adults After Implementation of Statewide Geriatric Trauma Triage Criteria.

Abstract

The objective was to identify factors associated with transport of injured older adults meeting statewide geriatric trauma triage criteria to a trauma center. An observational retrospective cohort study using the 2009 to 2011 Ohio Trauma Registry. Subjects were adults ≥ 70 years old who met Ohio's geriatric triage criteria for trauma center transport by emergency medical services. We created multivariable logistic regression models to identify predictors of initial and ultimate (e.g., interfacility transfer) transport to a Level I or II trauma center and to a Level I, II, or III center. Of 10,411 subjects, 47% were initially and 59% were ultimately transported to a Level I or II trauma center with rates of 66 and 74%, respectively, for transport to a Level I, II, or III center. For initial transport to a Level I or II center, age 80 to 89 (odds ratio [OR]= 0.89), age ≥90 (OR= 0.76), and either only a Level 3 (OR= 0.3) or no trauma center (OR= 0.11) in county of residence had decreased odds of transport, while male sex (OR= 1.38), black race (OR= 2.07), Injury Severity Score (ISS) 10-15 (OR= 1.99), ISS>15 (OR= 2.85), and Glasgow Coma Scalescore <9 (OR= 2.11) had increased odds. Results were similar for ultimate transport to a Level I or II center. Analyzing transport to a Level I, II, or III center demonstrated similar results except a Level III trauma center in county of residence was associated with increased odds (OR= 2.00 for initial and 2.21 for ultimate) of transport to a Level I, II, or III center. We identified factors independently associated with failure to transport injured older adults to trauma centers in statewide data collected after adoption of geriatric triage criteria. Lack of a trauma center in the county of residence remained a factor even in analyses that included ultimate transport.