Identifying Pediatric Hypertension in Observational Data: Comparing Clinical and Claims Cohorts in Real World Data.

Abstract

We conducted retrospective public health surveillance using data from 2006 to 2016 in seven integrated delivery systems from FDA's Sentinel System. We identified pediatric hypertensive patients by clinical and claims-based definitions and compared demographics, baseline profiles and follow-up time profiles. Among 3,757,803 pediatric patients aged 3 to 17 years, we identified 781,722 children and 551,246 teens with at least three blood pressure measures over 36-months. Of these, 70,315 children (9%) and 47,928 teens (8.7%) met the clinical definition for hypertension and 22,465 (2.8%) children and 60,952 (11%) of teens met the clinical definition for elevated, non-hypertensive blood pressure. Of the 3.7M patients, we identified 3,246 children and 7,293 teens with any claim for hypertension (claims definition). Evidence of hypertension claims among those meeting our clinical definition was poor; 2.2% and 7.3% of clinically hypertensive children and teens had corresponding claims for hypertension. Baseline profiles for claims-based hypertensive patients suggest greater severity of disease compared to clinical patients. Claims-based patients showed higher rates of all-cause mortality during follow-up. Pediatric hypertension in claims-based data sources is under-captured but may serve as a marker for greater disease severity. Investigators should understand coding practices when selecting real-world data sources for future pediatric hypertension work.