Identifying Key Component of Collaborative Problem Solving in Teaching and Learning Process: The Challenges Ahead in Preparing for 21st Century Skills

Abstract

In recent years many researchers have paid close attention to and conducted extensive research on Collaborative Problem Solving (CPS). This is because many complex projects in the modern world can only be completed through teamwork. However, education and training that emphasize the systematic strengthening of the CPS aspect are still insufficient in preparing graduates to enter the workforce. In fact, CPS as one of the most important skills in the 21st century besides critical thinking, communication, creativity, and innovation. This paper deals with the CPS as an important skill in 21st Century. The first part of the paper attempt to explicate the basic concept of CPS. Subsequently, Collaboration and Problem￾Solving Process in the context of teaching and learning processes will be presented in the next section. Besides, a conceive illustrated of Assessment Framework of 2015 PISA CPS will also described. The article is devoted to explain the Dimensions and Elements of CPS Assessment; in particular, the social domain of collaborative problem-solving as well as Cognitive domain of CPS are discussed.