Abstract
Identifying illegal trade in timber between Vietnam and China is challenging for the governments and law enforcement agencies of these countries due to geography; laws and regulations that govern forests; complex supply networks; corruption; and a competitive wood products market. Seizures and arrests are evidence of the illegal activities, but do not explain the motivation behind such activities, or how they are being performed. This paper seeks to provide such an explanation through an analysis of ‘mirror statistics’ in the cross-border timber trade. Our findings show large discrepancies in the official timber trade statistics of Vietnam and China, which reflect illegal activities including smuggling, illicit trafficking and export tax evasion.
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