Identifying genuine quantum teleportation

Abstract

Quantum teleportation is a method for utilizing quantum measurements and the maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pair to transmit an unknown quantum state. It is well known that all entangled states demonstrate so-called "nonclassical teleportation" that cannot be simulated by the seminal classical measure-prepare strategy. Herein, we propose a new benchmark which reveals that not all nonclassical teleportations are truly quantum-mechanical. Rather, there exists a more robust classical-teleportation model, which includes the measure-prepare mimicry as a special case, that can describe certain nonclassical teleportations. Invalidating such a general classical model indicates genuine quantum teleportation wherein both the pair state and the measurement are truly quantum-mechanical. We prove that EPR steering empowers genuine quantum teleportations, rather than entanglement. The new benchmark can be readily used in practical experiments for ensuring that genuine quantum teleportation is implemented. The results presented herein provide strict criteria for implementing quantum-information processing where genuine quantum teleportation is indispensable.