Abstract
The development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is due to a complex interaction between the genome and the environment. Understanding how genetic differences in individuals contribute to their susceptibility to CVDs can help guide practitioners to give the best advice to achieve a favorable outcome for the patient. As genome technologies evolve, genotyping of individuals could be available to all patients using a simple saliva test. Large-scale genome-wide association studies and meta analyses have provided powerful insights into polymorphisms that may be predictive of disease and an individual's response to certain nutrients, but moving forward it is imperative that these insights can be applied in the medical setting to reduce the incidence and mortality of CVDs.
Highlights
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide and the development of such diseases involves a complex interaction between the genome and the environment
Understanding an individual’s genetic profile along with lifestyle factors can determine their ability to metabolize certain nutrients and the direct influence this has on heart health
Genotyping methods can be used to determine an individual’s susceptibility to heritable conditions and how certain genetic risk factors can be countered by incorporating prevention plans and adopting a healthier lifestyle, enabling better preparation for the future
Summary
Information sources & search Investigation of genetic markers was conducted by analyzing and reviewing existing markers in study articles across numerous databases including GWAS, meta-analysis studies, all databases in NCBI, MeSH in Medline and dbSNP. Databases such as EMBASE were not used in the search strategy due to an access fee being required. The markers reviewed represent how genetics will influence cholesterol and triglyceride levels, folate metabolism and determining Gene X carrier status (Table 1) These markers are mostly analyzed in the context of influencing the development of atheromas, an event contributing to CAD and other conditions. Identifying genetic markers associated with susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases Review
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