Abstract
Background High temporal resolution and relatively low cost make electroencephalography (EEG) the most suitable noninvasive tool for studying brain dynamics. One of the major challenges is the determination of effective connectivity, i.e., directed (causal) information flow between brain areas. The common definition of effective connectivity is based on Granger’s argument, that “the cause must precede the effect” [1], which is implemented by the original Granger Causality (GC) score [1], the Directed Transfer Function (DTF) [3], Partial Directed Coherence (PDC) [2] and the Phase-slope Index (PSI) [4], all of which have been applied to EEG data previously. However, due to volume conduction in the head, the original causallyrelated sources are mixed into EEG channels. We conducted a realistic simulation study to investigate how volume conduction affects EEG sensor-space effective connectivity estimation.
Highlights
High temporal resolution and relatively low cost make electroencephalography (EEG) the most suitable noninvasive tool for studying brain dynamics
The estimated connectivity pattern according to Directed Transfer Function (DTF) and Partial Directed Coherence (PDC) was exactly opposite to that of Granger Causality (GC), i.e., information was estimated to flow from low-SNR channels to high-SNR channels
GC, DTF and PDC are based on the consideration that knowledge of the “driver’s” past increases the prediction of the “receiver’s” present state, compared to only using the receiver’s past
Summary
High temporal resolution and relatively low cost make electroencephalography (EEG) the most suitable noninvasive tool for studying brain dynamics. One of the major challenges is the determination of effective connectivity, i.e., directed (causal) information flow between brain areas. The common definition of effective connectivity is based on Granger’s argument, that “the cause must precede the effect” [1], which is implemented by the original Granger Causality (GC) score [1], the Directed Transfer Function (DTF) [3], Partial Directed Coherence (PDC) [2] and the Phase-slope Index (PSI) [4], all of which have been applied to EEG data previously. We conducted a realistic simulation study to investigate how volume conduction affects EEG sensor-space effective connectivity estimation
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