Abstract
Abstract. In India, rapid growth of slums in urban areas, especially in metropolitan cities, has become a major problem for the planners and decision-makers. The slum expansion is mainly due to the rural-urban migration and pressure of the population on un-used, un-protected, and un-suitable public land. It leads to many issues like poverty, unemployment, lack of access to clean water, lack of durable housing, traffic congestion, environmental pollution, insufficient living area, inadequate sanitation, scarcity of land, inappropriate land use, skyrocketing land value and insecure tenure, etc. Planning controls are usually ineffective in slum areas due to lack of timely information and people having little regard for such things in the absence of any other alternative. In most of the municipal bodies, proper updated information/map of slums are not available, which, create a problem in the decision-making process. Thus, there is an imperative need to resolve above-mentioned issues with the help of Geospatial techniques. This paper aims to identify and mapping of slums in Pune City using Geospatial techniques. The slums were identified based on high-resolution satellite images such as Resourcesat-2 (LISS-IV) data with the help of visual interpretation and standard image processing techniques, i.e., image rectification, enhancement, and classification. Afterward, the database was created and labeled with the help of the GIS tool. In Pune, there is around 40 percent of the urban population resides in slums. Such a large proportion of slum population also adds to the burden of already scarce resources and on overall urban infrastructure. The entire slum population of the city was accommodated in a total of 477 slums of which 238 and 239 were declared and undeclared slums respectively. The most of the slums in Pune mainly occurred in the central part due to natural increases as well as migration. But, the peripheral areas it’s happen due to vacant land/open areas along to river, canal, railway line and hill slope. The study reveals that more than 200 slums are located near environmentally sensitive areas and encroachment activities are increased in southern part of the city i.e., Ambegaon Bk., Vithhal Nagar and Warje areas.
Highlights
Urbanization is the physical growth of urban areas, which result in population growth, an increase of built-up area, high density of population, and the psychological stage of the urban way of life
The main objective of the present study is to identify and mapping of slum areas in Pune City using Geospatial techniques like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) technique for sustainable urban planning
Pune attracts thousands of immigrants due to multiple variants of economic activities and most of them falling in the category of lower strata forming the poor or low-income group, who are forced to live in slums
Summary
Urbanization is the physical growth of urban areas, which result in population growth, an increase of built-up area, high density of population, and the psychological stage of the urban way of life. Urban population in India has increased more than six times during the last 60 years from 62.44 million in 1951 to 377.1 million in 2011. It is 31.16 percent of the total population (Census of India, 2011). In India’s three urban agglomerations viz. Greater Mumbai, Delhi, and Kolkata have crossed the 10 million mark in population, while the number of million-plus cities has been increased from 5 in 1951 to 53 in 2011 (Census of India, 2011). The slum population enumerated was 17.4 percent of the total urban population of all the States and Union Territories in 2011 (Census of India, 2011)
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