Abstract
Data on the epidemiology of myocardial infarction (MI) risk factors in Saudi Arabia are limited, particularly in relation to age at MI onset. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of MI risk factors, as well as MI presentation in the central region of Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional survey was conducted between – to – 2019 in a sample of 103 patients with MI. A self-administered and structured questionnaire assessing the participants’ baseline characteristics and MI-related risk factors and symptoms was employed. The analysis included descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis. There were 55 (53.4%) male participants and 48 (46.6%) female participants. Their age ranged 16 to 86 years, with a mean age of 55.5±14.8 years. Seventy-one (68.9%) patients were above 45 years of age. The most common risk factors for MI were hypertension (58.2%), diabetes mellitus (59.2%), obesity (45.6%), physical inactivity (36.9%), smoking (36.9%), and hypercholesteremia (33.0%). Patients aged above 45 years of age were more likely to report an established diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hypercholesteremia (all P <0.05). the most common reported MI region was inferior wall MI. MI risk is high among young Saudi adults. Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hypercholestermia were significantly more common in older patients with MI. addressing the modifiable risk factors for MI is vital to early prevention of MI. Keywords: myocardial infarction, risk factors, age, Saudi Arabia DOI : 10.7176/JHMN/69-11 Publication date: December 31 st 2019
Highlights
Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality
Hypertension was observed in 58.2% of the participants, diabetes mellitus in 59.2%, obesity in 45.6%, www.iiste.org physical inactivity in 36.9%, smoking in 36.9%, and hypercholesteremia in 33.0%
The analysis showed that patients who had MI after 45 years of age were more likely to self-report having diabetes mellitus (DM), HTN, and hypercholesteremia
Summary
Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality. In a recent prospective cohort study, the classical presentation of acute MI in adult patients, the chest pain is the main symptom and represents of 91.6% of cases and the proportion of young adults (35 years or younger) with acute coronary syndrome represented 195 (0.7%) of a total population of 28, 778 patients [13]. These findings emphasize the recurrent question about the need for and timing of coronary angiography in young patients who have lower probability of MI given their fewer coronary risk factors [14]. The present study aimed to assess the clinical presentation of and to evaluate the risk factors for acute MI in Saudi young adults younger than 45 years old
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