Abstract
Mite allergens are considerable factors in the genesis of allergic diseases. The storage mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Tp) appears in contaminated foods and household surroundings. The current diagnostic tools for Tp allergy are mostly based on crude extracts and still contain shortcomings. This study aimed to investigate the immunoglobulin E (IgE)- responsiveness profiles of Tp-allergic patients and develop a molecular diagnostic method using recombinant allergens. Allergenic components were characterized as cross-reacting or species-specific allergens, in which the effective combinations of recombinant allergens were developed and analyzed in terms of the prediction accuracy for clinical diagnosis. Seven recombinant allergens were cloned and generated to detect the IgE responsiveness of the Tp allergy. A survey on the prevalence of mite allergy showed there were higher sensitizations with IgE responsiveness to house dust mites (HDM) (78.9–80.9%) than to storage mites Tp (35.6%). Prevalence of sensitization to Tp was higher in elderly subjects. The principal IgE-binding components of Tp were Tyr p 1, Tyr p 2 and Tyr p 3. Prediction accuracy for Tp allergy by IgE-responsiveness combination D (Tyr p 1, Tyr p 2 & Tyr p 3) was with high precision (100%). Avoiding the cross-reactivity of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, the prediction accuracy of IgE-responsiveness combination H+ (Tyr p 1, Tyr p 2, Tyr p 3, Tyr p 7, Tyr p 8, Tyr p 10 & Tyr p 20) was suitable for Tp-specific diagnosis. Panels of Tp allergens were generated and developed a diagnostic kit able beneficial to identify IgE-mediated Tp hypersensitivity.
Highlights
There is increasing evidence that the frequency of allergic diseases such as asthma, rhinitis and dermatitis has increased worldwide over the last few decades and becomes a global public health problem [1,2,3]
The sensitization to D. pteronyssinus, D. farinae and T. putrescentiae of allergic patients was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with mite crude extracts
It is a possible phenomenon that multiple exposures and cosensitization to these mite allergens in nature causing free immunoglobulin E (IgE) filled in the sera of these allergic patients
Summary
There is increasing evidence that the frequency of allergic diseases such as asthma, rhinitis and dermatitis has increased worldwide over the last few decades and becomes a global public health problem [1,2,3]. House dust mites—especially Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus—are considered to be an important source for allergen sensitization and a major risk factor for allergic symptoms [8,9]. D. pteronyssinus occurs at high levels of infestation in houses around the world and with high IgE frequency, which the mite extracts have indicated over 36 different allergenic components can induce IgE in patients and about 32 allergens been identified [9]. At least 20 kinds of IgE-binding allergenic components of T. putrescentiae have been detected in allergic patient’s sera [9] but not so many allergenic components like D. pteronyssinus have been cloned, characterized and clarified their IgE-binding frequency or biochemical function
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