Abstract
Heat shock protein (Hsp) gene family members in the watermelon genome were identified and characterized by bioinformatics analysis. In addition, expression profiles of genes under combined drought and heat stress conditions were experimentally analyzed. In the watermelon genome, 39 genes belonging to the sHsp family, 101 genes belonging to the Hsp40 family, 23 genes belonging to the Hsp60 family, 12 genes belonging to the Hsp70 family, 6 genes belonging to the Hsp90 family, and 102 genes belonging to the Hsp100 family were found. It was also observed that the proteins in the same cluster in the phylogenetic trees had similar motif patterns. When the estimated 3-dimensional structures of the Hsp proteins were examined, it was determined that the α-helical structure was dominant in almost all families. The most orthologous relationship appeared to be between watermelon, soybean, and poplar in the ClaHsp gene families. For tissue-specific gene expression analysis under combined stress conditions, expression analysis of one representative Hsp gene each from root, stem, leaf, and shoot tissues was performed by real-time PCR. A significant increase was detected usually at 30 min in almost all tissues. This study provides extensive information for watermelon Hsps, and can enhance our knowledge about the relationships between Hsp genes and combined stresses.
Highlights
Citrillus lanatus is an important plant in the family Cucurbitaceae, constituting 7% of the world’s total fields devoted to crop production
Determination and characterization of watermelon hsp genes Heat shock protein (Hsp) sequences from various plant species were obtained from the HSPIR database, and those belonging to watermelon plants were identified using the Cucurbit Genomics database
39 genes belonging to sHsp were found and named, from ClasHsp-01 to ClasHsp-39
Summary
Citrillus lanatus (watermelon) is an important plant in the family Cucurbitaceae, constituting 7% of the world’s total fields devoted to crop production. Watermelon (Citrillus lanatus) is mostly composed of water (up to 90%), it contains important nutritious compounds such as sugar, lycopene, and healthpromoting amino acids including citrulline, arginine, and glutathione (Hayashi et al, 2005; Perkins-Veazie et al, 2006; Collins et al, 2007; Guo et al, 2013). Heat-shock proteins (Hsps) are a special protein family that are synthesized in response to a variety of stress conditions including high temperatures, and are required for the growth and survival of the cell (Whitley et al, 1999; Kumar et al, 2012; Çelik Altunoğlu, 2016). Members of this protein family are known to be synthesized under
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