IDENTIFICATION OF VIRAL INFECTION AND STUDY OF THE POTATO BREEDING MATERIAL RESISTENCE TO FUSARIUM DRY ROT

Abstract

Potato suffers from severe viral and fungal pathogens infection in the process of production. Identification of pathogen resistance germplasm is of great significance in the breeding program.This study presents the results of tubers of foreign potato breeding lines for virus transmissionand subsequent artificial infection with the causative agent of dry fusarium rot. Potato viruses X-, Y-, S-, and M were identified in the studied samples by the ELISA method (DAS–ELISA). The third tuberous generation of PRC lines grown in the conditions of the Tselinograd district of the Akmola region was affected by individual viruses: PVM and PVX and their complexes, including PVM, PVY, PVX and PVS. It was established that potato breeding material was mainly infected with PVM (48.6%) and PVY (21.6%). Using microscopic analysis and the classical PCR method, 3 local isolates of the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum were identified in tuber samples of potatoes with Fusarium symptoms. On virus-free tuber material of 18 potato breeding lines, resistance to the Kazakh isolate of dry Fusarium rot "Nevsky" was studied in laboratory conditions. The average degree of resistance to F. oxisporum micromycetes was established in the potato breeding line: Z 861-1 and relatively high in the lines: Z 440-3. These lines can be considered as a high-quality source material in the breeding process when creating new competitive potato varieties.