Identification of Three Dalbergia Species Based on Differences in Extractive Components

Xiaoqian Yin,Anmin Huang,Shifeng Zhang,Ru Liu,Fang Ma

doi:10.3390/molecules23092163

Abstract

Dalbergia cultrate, Dalbergia latifolia, and Dalbergia melanoxylon are precious and valuable traded timber species of the genus Dalbergia. For chemotaxonomical discrimination between these easily confused species, the total extractive content of the three wood species was determined using four different organic solvents. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to analyze functional group differences in the extractive components, inferring the types of principal chemical components according to characteristic peak positions, intensities, and shapes. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was carried out a detailed characterization of the extractive components. The relative content of individual chemical components was determined by area normalization. Results revealed differences in the chemical components and total and individual extract contents of the three Dalbergia species, indicating that FTIR and GC-MS spectroscopy can be applied to identify and discriminate between Dalbergia cultrate, Dalbergia latifolia, and Dalbergia melanoxylon.

Highlights

Wood extractives are non-structural wood molecules that represent a minor fraction in wood, defined as compounds that can be extracted by polar, non-polar, or neutral solvents [1,2].Wood extractives account for approximately 2% to 5% of wood content, relatively high amounts of extractives can be found in some tropical woods, especially chemical extractives that are highly concentrated in heartwood [3,4,5]
This paper examines differences in extractive contents and components using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) approaches to discriminate chemotaxonomically between the extractive components in Dalbergia spp
Dalbergia latifolia, and Dalbergia melanoxylon were extracted with four different polar organic solvents, the extractive contents were calculated, and the average value of three experiments was taken

Summary

Introduction

Wood extractives are non-structural wood molecules that represent a minor fraction in wood, defined as compounds that can be extracted by polar, non-polar, or neutral solvents [1,2]. Wood extractives account for approximately 2% to 5% of wood content, relatively high amounts of extractives can be found in some tropical woods, especially chemical extractives that are highly concentrated in heartwood [3,4,5]. Wood extractives include an array of compounds, usually aliphatic, terpenoid and phenolic in nature. According to the literature [8], Dalbergia spp. are rich in aromatic compounds, significant differences have been found in the types and contents of wood extractives, even within the same genus [3]. Dalbergia is a genus of trees belonging to the Fabaceae (pea) family, that includes approximately

Methods

Results

Conclusion