Abstract
The experimental research, initiated at the Institute of Power Engineering and Turbomachinery of the Silesian University of Technology at the end of the last century, created an opportunity to supplement knowledge about the phenomenon of steam flow with condensation, tested by numerical fluid mechanics by IMiUE employees. In parallel with the numerical work, significant progress has been made in experimental studies on thflow of wet steam. Recently, measuring techniques based on recording the phenomenon of extinction of light have been elaborated or improved. The basic value determined in the final stage in the experimental way was the contentof the liquid phase defined as the wetness fraction. The methodology of tests and experimental investigations was presented, as well as the applied and developed measurement systems. Next, some developed designs of X probe and their modifications are described. Article present also some examples of applications of the developed measurement techniques in application to experimental research conducted on wet steam in the IMiUE. Examples of comparison between experimental and numerical tests are also provided.
Highlights
In recent years, thermal power plants have requirements to minimize their impact on the natural environment, regardless of the load and parameters of the system
Thanks to the operation experience gained over decades and progress in the field of numerical modelling of fluid flow, stress and strain states modelling in solid bodies, the efficiency of electricity generation in such power units has more than doubled
The current requirements regarding the reduction of pollutant emissions and the flexibility of steam power units, force them to continuously improve the operation of the machines and power equipment included in their structure
Summary
Thermal power plants have requirements to minimize their impact on the natural environment, regardless of the load and parameters of the system. There are many experimental methods used to determine the volume of the liquid phase and, as a result, wet steam enthalpy in the turbine These methods have been created and have been partly used since the early 1960s. Each technique has its advantages and disadvantages and is useful in a specific field of application They have different temporal and spatial resolution, and some of them may require wide optical access, so practical implementation of such measurement in industrial conditions becomes difficult. One of the main techniques currently being developed in application for measurements in steam turbine channels by several significant research centers from Germany [17, 24], China [4, 5] or the Czech Republic [20] is the method based on light absorption, which uses in its basic form the theory of scattering Mie on spherical particles
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