Identification of the effect of strontium and ytterbium addition over magnesium zinc alloy during the drilling process with ARAS and WASPAS techniques

Abstract

Magnesium (Mg) alloys are widely employed in aerospace and automotive applications owing to their beneficial attributes. Identifying proper process parameters is a critical choice to save costs and increase quality. This necessitates the classification of suitable process parameters in light of numerous competing considerations; hence it must be analyzed by means of the Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) techniques. This paper handles the MCDM issue using two different approaches namely, the ARAS (Additive Ratio ASsessment) and WASPAS (Weighted Aggregated Sum Product ASsessment). The experiments carried out in Mg Zn10 and adding of Strontium (Sr) and Ytterbium (Yb) were critically evaluated. The independent variable like spindle speed and feed rate were examined by varying the machining tool and coolant supplied. The effect of coated and uncoated carbide was studied with High-Speed Steel. The influence of coconut oil, liquid nitrogen, and vegetable oil over the process parameters was also studied. The responses like thrust force, torque, and surface roughness were studied over the three different materials by varying the numerical and categorical factors. The addition of Yb plays a beneficial effect on all three responses considered. The ideal combination was discovered using ARAS and WASPAS for concomitant reduction of all the considered responses, attained with a coated carbide tool with a spindle speed of 118 m/min. and a feed rate of 0.26 mm/rev. during coconut oil coolant supply over Mg Zn10 Sr2. The ARAS rankings align with the WASPAS rankings in 55.56% of cases, with the interesting observation that both the lower and higher orders are identical. The optimal process parameters for Mg Zn10 were identified as a cutting speed of 56 m/min. and a feed rate of 0.26 mm/rev., using a coated carbide tool and CO coolant. For Mg Zn10 Sr2 Yb2, the study found the optimal parameters to be a cutting speed of 118 m/min. and a feed rate of 0.62 mm/rev., with the use of uncoated carbide and CO coolant.