Abstract
The nonvolatile constituents that are acutely toxic to juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kistuch) have been fully identified in a kraft pulping effluent derived from Douglas fir and western hemlock. Toxicity and material balances were maintained through out a fractionation procedure leading to isolation of the toxic factors.Over 80% of the toxicity was caused by three resin acid soaps: sodium isopimarate (55%), sodium abietate (22%), and sodium dehydroabietate (5%). The remaining toxicity (18%) was contributed by sodium salts of the unsaturated fatty acids: palmitoleic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic.
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