Identification of Streptococcus sanguinis genes producing biofilm from gingivitis.

Abstract

Streptococcus sanguinis is a teethcommensal frontier colonizerand amongthe most common species in the oral biofilm. Dental plaque, caries, and gingivitis/periodontitis are caused by dysbiosis of oral flora. A biofilm assay was developed to investigate biofilm formation in S. sanguinis using the microtiter plate, tube, and Congo red agar methods in order to identify causing bacteria and determine responsible genes. Three genes, including pur B, thr B, and pyre E, were suspected of playing a role in forming in vivo biofilms inS. sanguinis.The present study shows these genes to be responsible for increased biofilm formation in gingivitis patients.