Identification of Stability and Adaptability of Small Red Bean Cultivars Using AMMI Analysis

Tadele Tadesse

doi:10.11648/j.plant.20170506.13

Abstract

Genotype x location interaction effects are of special interest for breeding programs to identify adaptation targets, adaptive traits and test sites. In order to identify stability and adaptability of small red bean cultivars sixteen genotypes were evaluated at the mid altitude of bale zone southeastern Ethiopia during main season 2015 and 2016. The cultivars were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications at each site of Goro, Ginir and Dellomena. The combined analysis of variance for mean grain yield revealed significant variation for genotypes, environment and GE interaction. The analysis of variance for the AMMI (Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction) revealed that significant variation for genotypes, environment and GE interaction. From this analysis 42.53% was explained by AMMI 1 followed by AMMI 2 (28.29%), AMMI 3 (19.76%) and AMMI 4 (7.10%) of the interaction sum of squares. Therefore, the first two AMMI components justified 70.82% of the GE interaction sum of squares. The stability parameters regression coefficient (bi), deviation from regression analysis and ASV identifies G7, G6, G11, G1 and G12 showed the least value for ASV indicating as these genotypes showed stable performance over the sites. However stable cultivar wouldn’t necessarily gave the highest seed yield. Therefore based on Genotype Selection Index (GSI) which considers both the ASV and the mean yield, G8, G3, G6 and G7 were the most stable genotypes identified over the tested environments. Therefore, out of the tested genotypes, G8 and G3 were identified as stable cultivar to be selected for possible release during the coming cropping seasons.

Highlights

The common dry bean or Phaseolus vulgaris L., is the most important food legume for direct consumption in the world
The AMMI Stability Value (ASV) is the distance from the coordinate point to the origin in a two dimensional of IPCA1 score against IPCA2 scores in the AMMI model [21]
The combined analysis for the mean grain yield showed that genotypes (G), locations (L), years (Y), genotype x location (GL), genotypes x year (GY), location by year (LY), and genotypes x location x year (GLY) effects were highly significant (p < 0.01) (Table 2)

Summary

Introduction

The common dry bean or Phaseolus vulgaris L., is the most important food legume for direct consumption in the world. It has one of the highest levels of variation in growth habit, seed characteristics (size, shape, and color), maturity, and adaptation. It has a tremendous variability (> 40,000 varieties). Germplasm collection in beans compares well with other important commodities on a worldwide basis. Common bean is the most important crop for soil health due its excellent biological nitrogen fixation and food security crops for its source of starch, protein, dietary fiber, minerals and vitamins [4]

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