IDENTIFICATION OF SOURCES OF RESISTANCE TO Meloidogyne enterolobii IN ACEROLA1

John Lennon Ferrreira Dos Santos,José Mauro Da Cunha E Castro,Jerônimo Constantino Borel,Alexandre Sandri Capucho,Flávio De França Souza

doi:10.1590/1983-21252021v34n415rc

John Lennon Ferrreira Dos Santos, José Mauro Da Cunha E Castro + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252021v34n415rc

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Abstract

ABSTRACT In Brazil, acerola trees infested by Meloidogyne enterolobii present lower yield and fruit quality. The use of rootstocks resistant to this pathogen is one of the alternatives to overcome this problem. This study aimed to assess the reaction of 22 acerola accessions to M. enterolobii, aiming to identify at least one resistant rootstock. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with 10 replications and each plot consisting of 10 plants. Each plant was inoculated with 350 eggs and second-stage juveniles of M. enterolobii, with the gall index (GI) and reproduction factor (RF) being determined after 90 days. The variables were analyzed using the mixed model methodology (REML/BLUP). The accessions ACO-13, ACO-14, ACO-18, and BRS Apodi stood out with four to six plants showing resistance reaction to the root-knot nematode, but the assessment of accessions should be performed under a higher density inoculum and longer time.

Highlights

Acerola cultivation in Brazil has been characterized by heterogeneous orchards with seedderived saplings, leading to many differences between plants, hindering management and harvesting, and negatively influencing yield and fruit quality
According to Rosado et al (2009), high CVgi% values characterize the existence of genetic variability between individuals
A high CVgi% value increases the chances of reaching genetic gains in plant selection

Summary

Introduction

Acerola cultivation in Brazil has been characterized by heterogeneous orchards with seedderived saplings, leading to many differences between plants, hindering management and harvesting, and negatively influencing yield and fruit quality. Acerola orchards have shown a decrease in yield caused by the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) parasitism. It is one of the main problems that affect the crop (CAVICHIOLI et al, 2014). Plants infected by these pathogens have lower water and nutrient absorption, with negative effects on the canopy and root system. Due to the potential of M. enterolobii to cause damage to several crops, studies have been carried out aiming to found genetic resistance in acerola, but resistant genotypes have not yet been identified (SILVA; KRASUSKI, 2012)

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