Identification of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism and Association Analysis of Alpha 2-Heremans Schmid Glycoprotein (AHSG) Gene Related to Fatty Acid Traits in Sheep

Abstract

Fatty acid (FA) composition of meat is regulated by many genes. The aim of this study was to identify Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) of Alpha 2-Heremans Schmid Glycoprotein (AHSG) gene and analyze its association with fatty acid (FA) traits in lambs. The study used a total of 67 rams of 12 months with average body size of 25-30 kg, consisted of 20 heads of Javanese Fat-Tailed (JFT) sheep, 17 heads of Javanese Thin-Tailed (JTT) sheep, 10 heads of Composite Garut (CG) sheep, 10 heads of Compass Agrinak (CA) sheep and 10 heads of Barbados Black Belly Cross (BC) sheep. Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) were used to identify the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of AHSG gene. Association of AHSG genotypes with fatty acid traits was performed using General Linear Model by SAS 9.4 program. The SNP of AHSG gene was polymorphic with three genotypes (GG, GA and AA). In combined population, the genotype frequency of GG, GA and AA were 0.25, 0.13 and 0.62, respectively. The Chi-square test revealed that the locus of AHSG (g. 198655287 (G>A) was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, except in Composite Garut (CG), Compass Agrinak (CA) and Barbados Black Belly Cross (BC) sheep breeds. The g.198655287 (G>A) SNP of AHSG gene was significantly associated (P<0.05) with saturated fatty acid, including <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capric_acid">capric acid (C10:0)</a>, palmitic acid (C16:0), heptadecanoic acid (17:0), <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arachidic_acid">arachidic acid (C20:0)</a>, heneicosylic acid (C21:0), <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behenic_acid">behenic acid (C22:0)</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tricosylic_acid">tricosylic acid (C23:0)</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lignoceric_acid">lignoceric acid (C24:0)</a>; with monounsaturated fatty acids, including <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmitoleic_acid">palmitoleic acid (C16:1)</a>; oleic acid (C18:1n9c); eicosenoic acid (C20:1); nervonic acid (C24:1) and with polyunsaturated fatty acids, including linoleic acid (C18:2n6c); γ-Linolenic acid; α-Linolenic acid; <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eicosadienoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1">eicosadienoic acid (C20:2)</a>; dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid; arachidonic acid; <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Docosadienoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1">docosadienoic acid(C22:2)</a>; eicosapentanoic and docosahexaenoic acid. The SNP g. 198655287 (G>A) of AHSG gene may be a useful marker for selecting and producing sheep meat having desirable fatty acids.