Abstract
Objectives:The present study aims to identify the risk factors for Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1(HIV-1) infection in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) population by comparing HIV-antibody positive cases with HIV-antibody-negative controls.Methods:The study was designed at the Family Care Centre (FCC), Hayatabad Medical Centre (HMC) Peshawar from February 2015 to December 2016. A total of 280 individuals were selected randomly for the study as cases and control. Data was collected on a structured questionnaire with informed oral consent. The collected data was analysed statistically using SPSS version 20.Results:Out of 280 individuals, 56% were males, 44% were females, and 53.21% belonged to the urban areas. The literacy rate was 48.6%, and 75.4% were married. The statistical analysis of risk factors revealed the following factors as of significance value (p < 0.05). Family history of HIV (OR = 9.46), spouse status of HIV (OR=22.22), injection drug users (IDUs), migrants (OR=2.234), use of therapeutic injections (OR= 2.791), employment (OR=2.545), male gender (OR=2.35), tattooing (OR=7.667) and history of blood transfusion (OR= 2.69).Conclusion:The present study revealed spouse status of HIV, tattooing, migrants, IDUs, use of therapeutic injections, history of blood transfusion, male gender and employment as significant risk factors for HIV infection in the population of KP.
Highlights
The characteristics feature of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV) is the continued deprivation of the human immune system, a condition better known as the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).[1]
All of them were HIV-antibody positive tested by immuno-chromatography for HIV1/2 provided by the National AIDS Control Program (NACP) further confirmed by Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) and PCR
The HIV/AIDS epidemic is established in Pakistan and there is a risk of an expanded outbreak in the country.[1]
Summary
The characteristics feature of HIV is the continued deprivation of the human immune system, a condition better known as the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).[1]. The CD4+ cell acts as a host for replication of HIV and infects other cells.
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