Identification of rail cracks based on path graph features and SVM

Abstract

In order to improve the accuracy of rail crack identification, a new method based on path graph feature and support vector machine is proposed. This method uses graph signal processing and graph theory to transform the magnetic flux leakage signal of rail crack, calculates the “time domain” and “frequency domain” statistics of the path graph signal, and effectively identifies rail cracks with different defect parameters by SVM classifier. The measured data verify the effectiveness of this method, which shows that the method of identifying rail cracks by using path graph features has higher accuracy and stability. The innovation of this method is that it draws on the idea of transform domain features to extract the graph domain features that can best represent the MFL signal. Compared with the 31 features used by the traditional method, this method only needs 22 features to achieve better recognition results and has shorter training time. For the recognition rate of 18 kinds of cracks, the average recognition rate of this method is more than 83.51%, and the highest recognition rate is 95.34%. Therefore, this study provides a new way for magnetic leakage analysis and treatment of rail crack detection, has important practical value, and provides beneficial enlightenment for further research in related fields.