Abstract
In this study, we identify promising, currently vacant technologies for a Truck on Flatcar or Truck on Freight Train (TFTFT) system by analyzing the relevant patent information. We then apply network analysis from macro- and microperspectives to establish technology development strategies. We first researched the patent database from the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) by extracting relevant keywords for the TFTFT system. We then preprocessed the patent data to develop a patent-International Patent Classification (IPC) matrix and a patent-keyword matrix. Next, we developed a generative topographic mapping (GTM)-based patent map using the patent-IPC matrix and detected any patent vacuums. Then, in order to confirm the promising patent vacuums, we technically examined criticality and trend analyses. Finally, we designed an IPC-based network and a keyword network with promising patent vacuums to derive a technology development strategy from a macro- and microperspective for the TFTFT system. As a result, we confirmed two promising patent vacuums. The patent vacuums found were defined as the technical field of rail vehicles suitable for TFTFT systems and the technical field of equipment and systems for freight transfer to rail vehicles. The proposed procedure and analysis method provide useful insights for developing a research and development (R&D) strategy and technology development strategy for a TFTFT system.
Highlights
As freight volume increases due to globalization, real concerns about the environmental impact of freight transportation have arisen
The 9th patent vacuum is in meaningful technical fields, and countries and companies can implement technology development strategies to take advantage of this unoccupied space
International Patent Classification (IPC) that that belong belong to the 9th patent vacuum are B60P and B61D
Summary
As freight volume increases due to globalization, real concerns about the environmental impact of freight transportation have arisen. Freight is transported via various modes, such as truck, rail, ship, or aviation. Each mode has different characteristics in terms of cost, transport time, and accessibility but all have in common that they emit greenhouse gases and pollute the environment. Freight transport is responsible for 14% of global greenhouse gas emissions [2,3]. Looking at the forecast of greenhouse gas emissions based on the demand trend of cargo handling volume, they are expected to increase even more than the surveyed figures. As environmental issues related to greenhouse gas emissions have attracted attention, many countries and companies have attempted to find alternative transportation solutions to minimize those emissions [4,5]
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