Abstract
Glechoma hederacea var. longituba (GHL) is one of many herbal plants distributed worldwide and is known to contain various biologically useful antioxidant constituents. GHL has been used in folk remedies for various treatments and as favorable tea beverages. However, research on the precise analysis of ingredients in GHL extracts remains insufficient. In this study, compositional analysis has been conducted on polyphenolic ingredients in GHL hot water extracts. GHL samples collected from growing regions were incubated in hot water at 100 °C for 1 h. The polyphenolic constituents in the hot water extracts were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-HR MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) in negative ion mode. As a result, a total of seven compounds were identified as the major polyphenolic constituents. Interestingly, four constituents out of the identified substances were confirmed to be polyphenol glucuronide conjugates, in which glucuronidation was known to be an important metabolic process in polyphenol aglycone along with methylation and sulphation. This study can be applied for the quality control and standardization of GHL herbal samples and the monitoring of metabolic processes involved in the polyphenolic conjugates.
Highlights
Herbal plants used as food ingredients and medical treatments have gained much attention because of their various profitable activities due to antioxidant phytochemicals such as flavonoids and other polyphenolic substances
High-resolution and tandem mass chromatogram measured at UV 280 nm showed several peaks
Since the extraction conducted in this study was with pure hot water instead of an alcoholic solvent, the major constituents identified were hydrophilic small molecular polyphenols and polyphenol sugar conjugates rather than polyphenol aglycones
Summary
Herbal plants used as food ingredients and medical treatments have gained much attention because of their various profitable activities due to antioxidant phytochemicals such as flavonoids and other polyphenolic substances. Various studies have been published on GHL for antioxidants [6,7], anti-inflammatory agents [6,8], biliary excretion and cholelithiasis [9], antihypertensives [10], hypoglycemia [11], cancer cell suppression [12], and bone necrosis treatment [13].
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