Abstract
The characterization of the pear (Pyrus communis L.) germplasm collected in Piemonte (North Italy) has been carried out using molecular markers in order to establish the phylogenetic relationship between the cultivars and to confirm homonymy and synonymy cases supposed on the basis of morphological and phenological observations. The results obtained by RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers concerned 17 cultivars, in particular: - a varietal group which includes three biotypes, present in collection under the name Gudun, with similar agronomic traits; - the cultivar Martin sec autunnale, which was found to be closer to the Madernassa' type of pear than to the true Martin sec' one; - a variety called S.5T. at first considered a seedling, bearing fruit with same characteristics as in Abate Fetel' but with some differences as concerns the ripening time (5-6 days earlier in S.5T) and the growth habit of the plant. The results of the DNA analysis indicated that the three Gudun' could be sports of a same genotype of local origin and that S.5T is more likely a mutation of Abate Fetel' than a seedling. Martin sec autunnale' resulted to have different RAPD profiles from Martin sec and, on the contrary, could be an improved clone of Madernassa.
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