Identification of patchouli oil chemical components as the results on distillation using GC-MS

Abstract

The main purpose of this study is to identify the chemical components contained in patchouli oil. The method used is water vapor distillation, water distillation. Patchouli plant material used which has been dried by aeration process and chopped above 20 kg. Then it is distilled using several distillation methods. The distillation process is carried out to extract the chemical components of patchouli oil contained in the ingredients. The three distillation methods are used using water because it does not react with patchouli, and can remove patchouli oil chemical components from its patchouli plant tissue, besides that water is also easy to use, has simple set of tools, and has low operating costs. The distillation process is carried out after the material that need to be distilled is put into the kettle and added water then connected to the condenser and heated, then the oil will be condensed and separated with a separating funnel. Analysis using GC-MS was carried out to identify the chemical components of patchouli oil, the result shows that there are 16 constituent components of patchouli oil, with 3 dominant peaks and other components as follow: Patchouli alcohol (42.75%), Delta-Guaiene (28.30 ), Azulene (20.48%), Trans Caryophellene (11.84%), Seychellence (CAS) (10.77%), Nephtalene (8.02%), Cycloheptane (6.02%) and Caryophyllene (5, 73%). The main component of patchouli oil is Patchouli alcohol about 42.75% that is obtained from the distillation process using water distillation method with distillation time about 5 hours.