Abstract
Abstract The increasing displacement of conventional with renewable power generation, typically non-programmable and endowed with very small or even no rotating inertia, is being accompanied by an increase of the amplitude and speed of grid frequency fluctuations. New control actions are therefore being introduced by grid operators, in the form of fast ancillary services for frequency regulation. An iterative procedure, based on the Gauss-Newton approach, is proposed here to compute the needed quantities of two fast innovative controls, namely fast primary frequency control and synthetic inertia support. In particular, by means of the identification of an output-error model, non-linear behaviours are effectively considered in the computation: dead bands on the frequency measures feeding the controllers; for renewable power plants, downward modulation schemes; for conventional ones, limits on the available control power and limitations on the maximum gradient (time derivative) of the power. The approach is tested by means of simulations in a 2030 predicted scenario for the Sardinian power system.
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