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Abstract
The genetic basis of quantitative disease resistance has been studied in crops for several decades as an alternative to R gene mediated resistance. The most important disease in the potato crop is late blight, caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans. Quantitative disease resistance (QDR), as any other quantitative trait in plants, can be genetically mapped to understand the genetic architecture. Association mapping using DNA-based markers has been implemented in many crops to dissect quantitative traits. We used an association mapping approach with candidate genes to identify the first genes associated with quantitative resistance to late blight in Solanum tuberosum Group Phureja. Twenty-nine candidate genes were selected from a set of genes that were differentially expressed during the resistance response to late blight in tetraploid European potato cultivars. The 29 genes were amplified and sequenced in 104 accessions of S. tuberosum Group Phureja from Latin America. We identified 238 SNPs in the selected genes and tested them for association with resistance to late blight. The phenotypic data were obtained under field conditions by determining the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) in two seasons and in two locations. Two genes were associated with QDR to late blight, a potato homolog of thylakoid lumen 15 kDa protein (StTL15A) and a stem 28 kDa glycoprotein (StGP28).Key message: A first association mapping experiment was conducted in Solanum tuberosum Group Phureja germplasm, which identified among 29 candidates two genes associated with quantitative resistance to late blight.
Highlights
Potato is the most important non-cereal crop consumed worldwide
All the genotypes under study were affected in different levels by the pathogen as area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) values demonstrate (Supplementary Table 2); no hypersensitive response (HR) were detected in any genotype
The variation observed in some genotypes that are not grouped such as CCC101 or CCC002 was due to environmental conditions
Summary
Potato is the most important non-cereal crop consumed worldwide. The main production is centered in Asia with 47.6% of the worldwide production (FAOSTAT, 2015). The most important biotic threat for potato production is the oomycete P. infestans causing late blight, a disease that affects potato yield worldwide (Kamoun and Smart, 2005). Research on resistance to late blight has been focused mainly on R genes, which confer qualitative resistance. This type of resistance is race-specific, has been overcome in most cases by the pathogen (Bradshaw and Mackay, 1994; Park and Jones, 2009; Yogendra et al, 2014) and is considered not durable for late blight. Many efforts have been undertaken to find quantitative trait loci (QTL) that explain this type of resistance (St. Clair, 2010). Since 2002, association mapping was proposed as an option to find genetic variants correlated with traits in a cost-efficient way (Mackay and Powell, 2006)
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