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Abstract
Root-knot nematodes (RKNs), Meloidogyne spp, are found in all temperate and tropical areas, and are among the most damaging plant pathogens worldwide. M. graminincola is an economically important root parasite on upland, lowland and deepwater rice. FMRFamide-like peptides (FLPs) play significant role as neurotransmitters or neuromodulators in the nervous system and proposed as one of the important targets for the plant parasitic nematode management. Therefore, for the first time, we have cloned and characterized two neuropeptide genes (flp-1 and flp-12) from the cDNA of preparasitic second stage juveniles of M. graminicola. The flp-12 contains putative 22 residue long signal peptide at N-terminal suggesting function as an extra-cellular protein. We have found highly conserved motif LFRGR in flp-1. These two flp genes could be interesting and potential targets for functional validation to explore their utility for designing management strategies.
Highlights
Meloidogyne graminicola is one of the major biotic stresses in rice production
Each transect suffers a range of biotic stresses of which root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne) are a key issue for three of the Indian transects i.e. a) Indian Punjab, Himachal Pradesh and Haryana (b) Eastern Uttar Pradesh, and Bihar and c) West Bengal
Characterization of the sequences Sequences of the partial cDNAs of flp-1 (214 bp) and flp-12 (299 bp) obtained from M. graminicola were submitted to Genbank sequence database
Summary
Meloidogyne graminicola is one of the major biotic stresses in rice production. 57% of Indian rice is produced in the IndoGangetic plain, comprising nearly 12 million ha, which can be sub-divided on physiographic and bio-climatic considerations into four transects in India as well as one in the Pakistan Punjab. Each transect suffers a range of biotic stresses of which root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne) are a key issue for three of the Indian transects i.e. a) Indian Punjab, Himachal Pradesh and Haryana (b) Eastern Uttar Pradesh, and Bihar and c) West Bengal. M. graminicola is an important rice pest in several major rice growing areas of South and South-east Asia, causing estimated yield losses of between 20% and 80% [1,2,3]. Due to the inadequacy of the existing management approaches, there is a need to develop economically and environmentally sustainable approaches for which nematode genomics could be highly promising by providing novel targets
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