IDENTIFICATION OF MYCOHETEROTROPHIC PLANTS (Burmanniaceae, Orchidaceae, Polygalaceae, Tiuridaceae) IN NORTH SUMATRA, INDONESIA

Dina Handayani,Wina Dyah Puspita Sari,Hary Prakasa,Salwa Rezeqi,Yusran Efendi Ritonga

doi:10.24114/jbio.v6i2.17068

Abstract

The majority of mycoheterotrophic herbs live in shady and humid forest. Therefore, the types of mycoheterotrophic plant are very abundant in tropical areas. One of the areas in Indonesia with the tropics is North Sumatera province. Unfortunately, the information about the species of mycoheterotrophic in North Sumatra is still limited. The objective of the research was to figure out the types of mycoheterotrophic plants in North Sumatra. The study was conducted in August until October 2019 in several areas of the Natural Resources Conservation Hall (BBKSDA) of North Sumatra province, the nature Reserve and nature Park. The research sites covered Tinggi Raja Nature Reserve, Dolok Sibual-Buali Nature Reserve, Sibolangit Tourist Park and Sicike-Cike Natural Park. In conducting sampling, the method used was through exploration or cruising method. The list of mycoheterotrophic plant species presented in this study consisted of their scientific names, synonyms, descriptions, distributions, and ecological information. A total of 9 species of mycoheterotrophic plants (4 families) in Sumatra have been found. As for the family Burmanniaceae, there are three species Burmannia championii, Burmannia lutescens, Gymnosiphon aphyllus. On the other hand, as for the Orchidaceae, there are 4 species, such as Didymoplexis pallens, Eulophia zollingeri, Galeola lindleyana, Gastrodia verrucosa while for the Poligalaceae and Tiuridaceae family, simply one type is found: Epirixanthes elongata and Sciaphila Secundiflora, respectively.

Highlights

Mycoheterotrophic plants were initially found in 1866 by Odoardo Beccari, an Italian botanist at Mount Matang, Sarawak, Malaysia (Razka 2018) and were introduced by Leake (1994)
The condition affects the emergence of mycoheterotrophic plants (Leake 2005)
Materials And Methods This present study was conducted in August until October 2019 in several areas of the Natural Resources Conservation Hall (BBKSDA) of North Sumatra province, the nature Reserve and nature Park

Summary

Introduction

Mycoheterotrophic plants were initially found in 1866 by Odoardo Beccari, an Italian botanist at Mount Matang, Sarawak, Malaysia (Razka 2018) and were introduced by Leake (1994). The plants were known as saprophyte but they were turned into mycoheterotrophic because the meaning of saprophytes was considered less appropriate and often interpreted incorrectly (Leake 2005). Grouping the plants is on the basis of the loss of their ability to perform photosynthesis so as to acquire nutrients from soil, they need to associate with mycorrhizal. Their growth is highly dependent on the rainy season which can affect the condition of light intensity, temperature, pH and soil humidity of their habitat. The condition affects the emergence of mycoheterotrophic plants (Leake 2005). Mycoheterotrophic plants can be called holomycotrophic plants (Campbell, 2014)

Objectives

Methods

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Conclusion