Identification of mirror waves by the phase difference between perturbed magnetic field and plasmas

Abstract

A new approach is proposed to identify mirror waves based on the 90° phase difference between the magnetic field and plasma fluctuations. Magnetosheath observations, the linear MHD theory, and one‐dimensional hybrid simulations support that the 90° phase difference is a special character for mirror waves. This phase difference is independent of Doppler shift which means that our result remains the same in both the satellite (laboratory) and the plasma frames of reference. Therefore it is useful to distinguish mirror waves from slow waves which also have an anticorrelation (i.e., 180° out of phase) relationship between magnetic field strength and plasma density fluctuations. The time evolution in the later stage shows that the dominant perturbed components are the magnetic field fluctuation along the background magnetic field B0 and the velocity fluctuation perpendicular to B0 and the wave vector k. A higher coherence and a stable 90° phase difference between these two dominant components are found as time increases. The coherence between this velocity component and the plasma density is also high with a 90° phase difference. A tendency is found that the longer wavelengths are progressively generated when mirror waves grow in simulation.