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Abstract
Many long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified in several types of human pituitary adenomas and normal anterior pituitary, some of which are involved in the pathogenesis of pituitary adenomas. However, a systematic analysis of lncRNAs expressed at different developmental stages of normal pituitary, particularly in rats, has not been performed. Therefore, we contrasted two cDNA libraries of immature (D15) and mature (D120) anterior pituitary in rat that were sequenced on an Illumina HiSeq Xten platform, and a total of 29,568,806,352 clean reads were identified. Notably, 7039 lncRNA transcripts corresponded to 4442 lncRNA genes, and 1181 lncRNA transcripts were significantly differentially expressed in D15 and D120. In addition, 6839 protein-coding genes (<100 kb upstream and downstream) were the nearest neighbors of 4074 lncRNA genes. An interaction network of lncRNAs and the follicle-stimulating hormone beta-subunit (FSHb) gene was constructed using the lncRNATargets platform, and three novel lncRNAs were obtained. Furthermore, we detected the expression of the novel lncRNAs and ten highly expressed lncRNAs that were randomly selected through quantitative PCR (qPCR). The rat anterior pituitary lncRNA content identified in this study provides a more in-depth understanding of the roles of these lncRNAs in hormone and reproduction development and regulation in mammals.
Highlights
Recent genome sequencing studies have shown that less than 2% of the genome represents protein-coding genes, whereas more than 90% is considered non-coding RNAs[1,2]
We further identified the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) associated with reproduction by constructing an interaction network of lncRNAs and the follicle-stimulating hormone beta-subunit (FSHb) gene using the lncRNATargets platform based on complementary sequences in trans (Fig. 6B), and we simultaneously detected the expression level of all three novel lncRNAs (MSTRG.80236.1, MSTRG.80236.2 and MSTRG.80236.3) by quantitative PCR (qPCR)
Recent studies have shown that lncRNAs are involved in pituitary tumorigenesis, mostly in non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFAs) and occasionally in somatotroph and corticotroph adenomas, prolactinomas and FSHoma[25,26]; studies on lncRNAs in the normal pituitary are limited
Summary
Recent genome sequencing studies have shown that less than 2% of the genome represents protein-coding genes, whereas more than 90% is considered non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs)[1,2]. An increasing amount of evidence indicates that lncRNAs play a key role in diverse biological processes through distinct mechanisms[4,13]. As an important experimental animal, rats are widely used worldwide in life science studies and play a key role in many types of functional studies, in the field of reproduction development. Several recent studies have reported that lncRNAs perform an important role in reproduction. Information on the role of lncRNAs in reproductive hormones, in rats, is limited. Our results will provide a powerful resource for a more in-depth understanding of the regulatory functions of lncRNAs in rat and will contribute to a better comprehension of reproduction and development in mammals
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