Abstract
Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are the most frequent vascular tumors that occur during infancy. Microribonucleic acids (miRNAs) have been demonstrated as critical regulators of gene expression in various diseases. However, the function of miRNAs in IH still remains largely unknown. In the present study, we performed a miRNA microarray analysis of IH and identified 68 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs). In addition, miRNA-gene networks and protein-protein interactions were constructed, and the hub miRNAs and genes of IH were screened out. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were used for biological analysis of DEMs and differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The pathway enrichment analysis of DEMs revealed several tumor-related pathways, including proteoglycans in cancer, signaling pathway regulating pluripotency of stem cells and TGF-beta signaling pathway. DEGs were mainly enriched in biological processes, including intracellular signal transduction, cell adhesion, and cell death. KEGG pathway analysis indicated that DEGs were enriched in tumorigenesis- and angiogenesis-related pathways such as proteoglycans in cancer, MAPK signaling pathway and Rap1 signaling pathway. Collectively, this study first established a comprehensive miRNA-gene network in IH, which should provide novel insights into IH pathogenesis and be beneficial to the understanding of neovascularization-related disorders.
Highlights
Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are the most frequent vascular tumors that occur during infancy and childhood with a high incidence rate of 3–10%
Our study showed the Microribonucleic acids (miRNAs) profile of IH and identified miR519d-3p, miR-21-5p, miR-15a-5p, miR-34a-5p, miR-520a-3p, miR520b, miR-520c-3p, miR-520d-3p, miR-424-5p, and miR-519a-3p as hub miRNAs in IH
The microarray results revealed that chromosome 19 miRNA cluster (C19MC) was significantly upregulated in IH, which was consistent with the findings of Strub et al (2016)
Summary
Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are the most frequent vascular tumors that occur during infancy and childhood with a high incidence rate of 3–10%. They are more prevalent in females, low-birth weight, and premature infants (Drolet et al, 2008; Chen et al, 2013). It has been widely acknowledged that angiogenesis and vasculogenesis both play a critical role in IH pathogenesis (Boscolo and Bischoff, 2009). Several vascular-related signaling pathways have been illuminated in IH-associated mechanisms, including hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF)mediated, Notch signaling, phosphoinosite 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF/VEGFR) pathways (Ji et al, 2014). IH pathogenesis processes still remain largely unknown
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