Abstract
A radioimmunoassay (RIA) for the platelet-specific protein, β-thromboglobulin (BTG) was assessed for use as a sensitive marker of human blood. Samples of blood (0·1 ml) from human and animal sources were spotted on a towel, allowed to dry, then eluted with distilled water. Only the eluates of the human blood stains reacted in the assay system. The sensitivity of the assay system was assessed by rinsing a 0·lml dried blood stain successively with 1·0ml of distilled water. The first three eluates all reacted positively in the standard assay system while further dilutions required the more sensitive assay. The stability of the human BTG antigen was assessed under dried stain conditions and it was found to remain immunoreactive for up to four months. The radioimmunoassay for β-thromboglobulin represents a unique approach to the identification of small samples of blood of an unknown origin. Confirmation that it is blood and is of human origin can be made in as little as three hours in a simple one-step procedure that is at least an order of magnitude more sensitive than conventional tests currently being employed.
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