Abstract
BackgroundGastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent malignant cancer of digestive system. To identify key genes in GC, mRNA microarray GSE27342, GSE29272, and GSE33335 were downloaded from GEO database.MethodsDifferentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained using GEO2R. DAVID database was used to analyze function and pathways enrichment of DEGs. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established by STRING and visualized by Cytoscape software. Then, the influence of hub genes on overall survival (OS) was performed by the Kaplan-Meier plotter online tool. Module analysis of the PPI network was performed using MCODE. Additionally, potential stem loop miRNAs of hub genes were predicted by miRecords and screened by TCGA dataset. Transcription factors (TFs) of hub genes were detected by NetworkAnalyst.ResultsIn total, 67 DEGs were identified; upregulated DEGs were mainly enriched in biological process (BP) related to angiogenesis and extracellular matrix organization and the downregulated DEGs were mainly enriched in BP related to ion transport and response to bacterium. KEGG pathways analysis showed that the upregulated DEGs were enriched in ECM-receptor interaction and the downregulated DEGs were enriched in gastric acid secretion. A PPI network of DEGs was constructed, consisting of 43 nodes and 87 edges. Twelve genes were considered as hub genes owing to high degrees in the network. Hsa-miR-29c, hsa-miR-30c, hsa-miR-335, hsa-miR-33b, and hsa-miR-101 might play a crucial role in hub genes regulation. In addition, the transcription factors-hub genes pairs were displayed with 182 edges and 102 nodes. The high expression of 7 out of 12 hub genes was associated with worse OS, including COL4A1, VCAN, THBS2, TIMP1, COL1A2, SERPINH1, and COL6A3.ConclusionsThe miRNA and TFs regulation network of hub genes in GC may promote understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of gastric cancer and provide potential targets for GC diagnosis and treatment.
Highlights
Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent malignant cancer of digestive system
There are 36 upregulated genes and 31 downregulated genes in GC tissues compared to adjacent tissues
The upregulated genes were mainly enriched in angiogenesis and extracellular matrix organization, while downregulated genes were mainly involved in ion transport and response to bacterium in biological processes (Table 1)
Summary
Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent malignant cancer of digestive system. To identify key genes in GC, mRNA microarray GSE27342, GSE29272, and GSE33335 were downloaded from GEO database. Gastric cancer is the fourth common cancer worldwide, with an estimated 951,600 new cases of gastric cancer (GC) and estimated 723,100 deaths from it in 2012 [1]. In China, GC is one of the most common malignancies and is the third leading cause of cancer death in 2010 [2]. Li et al World Journal of Surgical Oncology (2018) 16:114 evolutionary conserved small RNA that regulates gene expression by targeting mRNAs to translation repression or triggering mRNA degradation. Various biological processes were involved in the regulation network between miRNAs and target mRNAs, including differentiation, proliferation, survival, stress response, and oncogenesis [7,8,9,10]. Like miRNAs, transcription factors (TFs) regulate diverse cellular pathways and are widely believed to regulate most biological processes, including cancer. TFs are sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins which act as transcriptional activators and repressors
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